Classical Vs. Operant Conditioning - 1072 Words

PsychSim 5: OPERANT CONDITIONING Name: Melissa Mallay Section: 130-01 Date: February 25, 2015 Classical Versus Operant Conditioning †¢ What is the distinction between classical and operant conditioning? In Operant conditioning, subjects learn from experiences and create a relationship between behavior and consequences. As a result, when actions are provided with a favorable result, they are reproduced. Likewise, unfavorable actions are not reproduced because the subject operates in some way to gain rewards or avoid punishment. Whereas, in Classical conditioning (Pavlov and Watson), an automatic/ involuntary response is associated with two stimuli. The first stimulus is an Unconditioned stimulus which triggers and unconditioned response. By creating a conditioned stimulus and presenting both stimuli, the subject is able to associate the two together, leading to a conditioned response. This involuntary response is created with the originally neutral stimulus. In classical conditioning, a subject’s behavior is determined primarily by the stimulus and not possible rewards or consequences. These behaviors are respondent behaviors which are involuntary and respond to the stimulus. Reinforcement and Punishment †¢ What effect does reinforcement have on behavior? Reinforcement tends to strengthen the behavior and raise the probability of the event happing again whereas consequences reduce the probability of the event occurring again. Reinforcement is usually usedShow MoreRelatedOperant Vs. Classical Conditioning1211 Words   |  5 PagesOperant and Classical Conditioning Tiara Gordon PS 210 Professor Rivera Introduction Operant and Classical conditioning reminds me of the famous controversy, nature vs nurture. It’s like having a pessimistic or optimistic view on learning techniques and how much of the environment or genes influence the two. These learned behaviors have been scrutinized by people alike, some have debated that everything we do from the time we wake up to the time we go to sleep is operant conditioningRead MoreClassical Conditioning Vs. Operant Conditioning Essay1088 Words   |  5 Pages 1. a) Define Classical Conditioning and Behaviorism. b) Identify the two major characteristics that distinguish classical conditioning from operant conditioning. Classical Conditioning is a type of learning process of an individual when they come in contact with certain stimuli. According to Pavlov, a Russian psychologist, he developed several experiments on learning and he discovered that classical condition is the basic form of learning for an individual. However, according to Pavlov, behaviorismRead MorePavlov s Classical Conditioning Vs. Operant Conditioning1172 Words   |  5 PagesPavlov’s Classical Conditioning vs. B.F. Skinner’s Operant Conditioning Bhavika D. Patel Atlantic Community College Abstract Ivan Pavlov and B.F. Skinner both studied learning, in which they both did different experiments on different animals and with different conditioning. Classical conditioning is the process in which two stimuli become linked; once this association has been recognized, an originally neutral stimulus is conditioned to provoke an involuntary response. The dogs in Pavlov’s studiesRead MoreClassical Vs. Operant Conditioning1582 Words   |  7 PagesClassical and Operant Conditioning Ivan Pavlov once said, Don t become a mere recorder of facts, but try to penetrate the mystery of their origin.† Often times in the fast pace world that college students live today many get so caught up in sheer memorization of everything that comes their way just to pass with that sought-after A. What is often looked past is the true meaning of concepts and ideas to retain the information needed for success. It was this very mindset instilled with in greatRead MoreLearning and Development Theories939 Words   |  4 Pagesexplaining the development of individuals. Classical and Operant Conditioning: One of the most important learning theories is classical conditioning that was discovered by Ivan Pavlov, a Russian physiologist who discovered the phenomenon while conducting analysis on digestion. Classical conditioning basically refers to the automatic or effortless reaction to stimuli and is commonly known as respondent or Pavlovian conditioning. This type of conditioning takes place when animals learn to relate thingsRead MoreNature Vs Nurture Debate Essay965 Words   |  4 PagesThe oldest arguments in the history of psychology is the Nature vs Nurture discussion. Both are legitimate and it is very hard to decide whether a person’s development is prone to his DNA or influenced by his life experience and environment. Presently, nature and nurture both play important role in human development. However what remains unknown is if human is developed solely because of nature or nurture. . As of now, we know that both nature and nurture play important roles in human developme ntRead MoreThe Process of Conditioning963 Words   |  4 PagesFlorida Sahay Professor Griffin Psychology 1101 Fall 2009 The Conditioning Process It was raining when Sarah was driving home from work. Both she and the driver of the car in front of her were speeding. The car in front of her had immediately braked. There was not enough distance between that car and her own car to safely slow to a stop, so she had quickly switched lanes to avoid a car accident. Instead, the slick pavement caused her car to swerve out of control. When her car finallyRead MorePsychological Conditioning and Theories of Behavior1013 Words   |  4 Pagesresearching the digestive systems of dogs and led him to the discovery of classical condition, a way to modify behaviors using conditioned responses. Pavlovs views intrigued American John Watson, who pushed the idea forward in up through the 1950s. Building on these theories, but amending the model with the effects of punishment and reward, B.F. Skinners work had a revolutionary effect on behaviorism, now called operant conditioning (Shiraev, 2010, pp. 246-54). Learning Theory- Some say a logical reactionRead MoreBowlby s Theory Of Attachment1255 Words   |  6 Pages(Bruno et al., 2014) Pavlov and Skinner are two other theorists with views on behaviours which can be applied to attachment. Pavlov’s theory is that of classical conditioning which focuses on involuntary behaviours. While Skinner’s theory of operant conditioning focuses on voluntary behaviours. (Cherry, no date) Pavlov’s theory of classical conditioning is that an unconditioned stimulus will trigger an unconditioned response. The unconditioned stimulus in attachment is the milk and the unconditionedRead MoreEssay on connecting the dots608 Words   |  3 Pages Define classical and operant conditioning. Classical conditioning is: the learning that takes place based on an association of stimulus that does not elicit a response with another stimulus that does elicit a response. Operant conditioning is:a process in which a response is gradually learned via reinforcement or punishment. How are they the same? They are the same because they are both are gradual process. How are they different? They are different because in Classical conditioning stimulus

Capitalism Is An Economic System Based On Government Or...

Socialism is an economic system based on government or public control production. In such a system the government chooses what is produced as well as the quantity, regardless on the demand. Socialism focuses on equality rather than value, and rewards the workers by the amount of time they put in rather than by the amount or value they produce. It also makes the people rely on the state for everything from housing, food and health care. China, Vietnam, North Korea, Venezuela, Greece and Cuba are the best examples of socialist countries. The most notable use and collapse of socialism was with the former U.S.S.R. Capitalism is an economic system based on a price, profit and private property rights. Capitalism is profit driven. Capitalism utilizes the free market to determine how much of a product is made and allow the price to be determined by the demand for the product. Workers are paid for the value they bring and the demand for their skill set. The capitalist system is based on scarcity. The harder a resource is to get and more greater demand for it will drive up its price. Socialism is based on bureaucratic centralized planning and collective ownership. Believers of socialism propose that it creates equality and provides economic security and that capitalism is an inferior system that exploits workers for the benefit of the wealthy owners. Critics of socialism believe that it is based on faulty principles and ignores people’s nature and the power of incentives. SocialismShow MoreRelatedCapitalism, Socialism, And Participatory Economics930 Words   |  4 Pagesthree alternative forms of property ownership: capitalism, socialism, and participatory economics. Capitalism is a social system based on the principle of individual rights. Politically, it is the system of laissez-faire, meaning freedom. Economically, this freedom portends a system in which trade, industry, and the means of production are private owned and operated to maximize profit. It also entails the ability to pass on to future generations. Capitalism may be associated with a negative denotationRead MoreEssay The Efficiency of Economic Systems959 Words   |  4 Pagesthe differences between capitalism and socialism have led to contradictions in several countries on how to run the country economically, socially, and politically. Between these two economic systems, people usually debate about the role of the government and economic equality. Although, capitalism and socialism have similar characteristics, the differences between capitalism and socialism make capitalism a better way of life. Most importantly, both socialism and capitalism have established effectiveRead MorePublic Services Funded By Taxpayer Money908 Words   |  4 Pagesmy online class, I got the chance to learn about socialism, communism and capitalism. They are all different from each other even though there are some similar stuff between them there is a little thing that distinguishes each one from each other. In this paper, I will go through each term and how each and everyone is different from each other. First of all Socialism is a system of society in which the means of production are owned and controlled by the state. It mostly relies on governmental planningRead MoreEconomics Is The Science Of Scarcity1728 Words   |  7 PagesEconomics is the science of scarcity. Scarcity is when you have a population with unlimited wants coupled with limited resources. Essentially, economics deals with the production, distribution, and consumption of goods and services. The societies in the books 1984 and Fahrenheit 451 both take advantage of some form of an economic system, whether it be the command economy of Oceania, or the overly consumerist economy of the dystopian United States. An economic system is how a society deals with theseRead MoreEconomic Systems: Capitalism, Communism and Socialism814 Words   |  3 PagesEconomic Systems 04/22/2014 Throughout history, nations or regions have supported different economic systems. Economic systems control the political economy, markets, consumer and public economics, national income, natural resources and other aspects. The economic systems lead the country towards its flourished and depraved situations. The systems also provide the type of business and government imposed on the societies and the country. Some of the economic systems are capitalism, communismRead MoreThe Corporate American Model Of Capitalism1316 Words   |  6 PagesCapitalism is good. In reading the articles, it seems scholars are either pro or anti-capitalism. The corporate American model of capitalism is built upon free enterprise and encourages competition. It’s also called the Liberal/Social Democratic model. Our economy, supposedly, encourages and rewards competition and equality. Yet the lack of competition and equality in our economy are issues scholars take aim at the most. George (2013) wrote i n his editorial, â€Å"In the United States, income inequalityRead MoreCapitalism Vs. Socialism And Socialism868 Words   |  4 PagesCapitalism vs Socialism Capitalism and socialism have been two school of thoughts in economics that have opposing factors, and there have been a lot of criticisms and comparison on which economy is better in terms of economic equality, and the role that the government plays in the society. In most situations, a society with a better economic opportunities and choices, with more technological advancement and private owned businesses would be a better option to a society that is collectively ownedRead MoreSocialism Essay1354 Words   |  6 PagesSocialism is the economic theory or system, in which the community owns the means of production, distribution, and exchange collectively, usually through the state. It is characterized by production for use rather than profit, by equality of individual wealth, by the absence of competitive economic activity, and, usually, by government determination of investment, prices and production levels. It is collective because society can control production unlike capitali sm and because production is for theRead MoreComparative Critique Of Comparative Capitalism1214 Words   |  5 PagesCOMPARATIVE CAPITALISM Case Study #4: Comparative Capitalism Florence F. Messi St Thomas University Miami Gardens, Florida Abstract The Merriam-Wester dictionary defines capitalism as an economic system characterized by private or corporate ownership of capital goods, by investments that are determined by private decision, and by prices, production, and the distribution of goods that are determined mainly by competition in a free market. (2015). However for an ideal capitalism to fully operateRead More The Foundation for Capitalism1186 Words   |  5 Pages Theory Freedom is simply the right of an individual to control his or hers own actions, that aids in the development of humanity. As freedom reflects back to capitalism, people within their respective class who obtain money are the individuals who whole heartedly enjoy real freedom. However, is it really considered freedom if there are restrictions attached to one’s freedom? The simplest things such as the production and distribution of goods and services or even the supply of new technological

Thesis Writing and Question Free Essays

For me writing a thesis statement was one of the hardest parts of the writing process. I was unsure of how to come up with the idea for a thesis statement, much less how to create it or where it should be included in the essay. By following this guide for writing a Thesis Statement, my writing experiences have become more rewarding. We will write a custom essay sample on Thesis: Writing and Question or any similar topic only for you Order Now First, the thesis statement is the main topic or idea of the essay. It should directly answer the question the writer asks himself or herself, and is a roadmap for the essay. The thesis statement provides the reader with a specific guide to the writer’s argument. A strong thesis statement should show conclusions about the topic, indicate a point about the discussion, help the reader to see the main point of the topic, and is specific to show exactly what the essay is about. Second, to gain the idea for what the thesis should say if a topic for the assignment is given, change the topic of the essay into a question. Then answer the question with one or two sentences. The answer to the question will be the thesis statement. If no topic is given for the essay, or if the information for the essay does not ask a specific question, then a question must be generated, based on the information given for the assignment and the issue chosen form the assignment information to be explored. One way to accomplish this, the writer must brainstorm the topic. Then narrow or revise the topic down to take a position about the topic by deciding what you really want to say. Review this statement and ask a question about the statement. Another way is to collect and organize evidence and look for possible relationships, similarities, or contrasts to come up with a specific word by clarifying relationships of the topic. Explain what is meant about the topic, and then revise this information to make an assertation. Next look at the statement and ask yourself a question about the statement. The answer to the question in either example will be the thesis statement for the essay. The writer should ask themselves the following; Does the thesis statement answer a question? Would the reader want to challenge or oppose the thesis statement? In addition, Does the essay support the thesis? The thesis statement should be placed as the last sentence in the introduction paragraph of the essay, the last sentence conclusion paragraph, and the last sentence of the abstract in APA style format. In conclusion, once I implemented this guide into my writing process, I found writing a thesis statement to be much easier. It seemed to become a guide for the body of the essay. By following the guide to Writing a Thesis Statement, my writing experiences have become more rewarding. How to cite Thesis: Writing and Question, Essay examples

Blame The Parents free essay sample

Blame The Parents Once a man decides to become a father and start a family, it is the obligation for the mom and the father of that child to provide a future for that unborn baby. Whether they are married or not the responsibility of that baby lies upon the parents. That baby becomes their responsibility legally, emotionally, morally and physically. The parent’s failure to provide support, love, education, and instill morals or values, will alter the child’s future, which can also lead to juvenile criminal behavior. When a child commits a crime the parents should be held responsible for what the minor does and the parents should be the ones to pay for the damages. It is the parent’s fault that our society is known for having so many juvenile delinquent behaviors. The children should not be put in jail just because their parents failed to follow through with parenthood. If parents could raise there children with good care and the attention that every child needs then they can and will become good people. It is the parent’s duty for the care of their children. Raising a child and educating them at home is the best way to being successful in the lives of children. It is the parent’s responsibility to look and see the path, which their children are walking in. If their children are not within the correct path and they are part of the society’s delinquent crime rate then the parents are raising criminals; the parents have failed to maintain their responsibility in raising their children. The parents need to teach and raise their children wisely. They must talk with the children from what are wrong decisions that carry consequences and the good decisions that will lead them to success. Children must learn at a young age about how to be polite, respectful to others, and have manners. As parents they must take the time to teach their kids right from wrong in all categories, but in order to be successful in this they also need to dedicate quality time with their kids on a daily basis. This will allow them to see the errors they must fix and the things in which their children need more help on. This is where discipline falls into place, parents must establish rules and regulations as their kids are young so that when they get into the real world they will be accustomed to obeying the rules and regulations of society. When a parent establishes discipline and teaches good morals their children will grow to become wise in life; however, it is the parent’s responsibility to teach their children from right and wrong. Many children learn right from wrong, good or bad, love and care from their parents. Parents must realize that influences that children see are mainly from the parents. By looking at the parents of a child you can determine the characteristics the child will have. Right after birth takes place a mother raises her child with love and care as the child grows with the love and the influence of care they will also learn to establish the same love and care the mother has influenced upon them. Parents must learn to set the example as they raise their children but they must lead them by example as well. They cannot expect their children not to drink or smoke if the parent drinks and smokes. Parents cannot expect their children to be respectful if they aren’t respectful to themselves or to their children. Everything a child sees or hears within its household they will take with them and put into practice, as they get older in life. It is very important that the parents understand that giving birth isn’t the whole job or duty, raising their children and educating them from the beginning is the biggest role. Parents will have an everlasting effect on their children and they cannot deny paternity just cause of the crimes that their children commit. Each parent should be held accountable for their children’s actions. If the parent was good then the child will turn out to be good as a adult but if the parents was bad the child will be one of the delinquent kids breaking the law that we have in our days. Parents should be responsible for the actions of their children.